太阳能电池板是如何将阳光转换成电能？

     How does a solar panel convert sunlight to electricity?

太阳能电池板以太阳光的形式收集清洁的可再生能源，并将其转化为电能，然后用于为电力负荷提供电力。太阳能电池板由几个单独的太阳能电池组成，它们本身由硅、磷（提供负电荷）和硼（提供正电荷）组成。Solar panels collect clean renewable energy in the form of sunlight and convert that light into electricity which then can be used to provide power for electrical loads (the thing you are trying to give energy to). Solar panels are comprised of several individual solar cells which are themselves composed of layers of silicon (n-type), phosphorous (p-type) (which provides the negative charge), and boron (which provides the positive charge). 

       太阳辐射可以通过太阳能电池（光伏电池）直接转化为电能。在这种电池中，当光照射到金属和半导体（如硅）之间的连接处或两个不同半导体之间的连接处时，会产生一个小的电压。单个光伏电池产生的功率通常只有两瓦左右。然而，通过将大量的单个电池连接在一起，就像在太阳能电池板阵列中一样，可以产生数百甚至数千千瓦的电力。

     Solar radiation may be converted directly into electricity by solar cells (photovoltaic cells). In such cells, a small electric voltage is generated when light strikes the junction between a metal and a semiconductor (such as silicon) or the junction between two different semiconductors. The power generated by a single photovoltaic cell is typically only about two watts. By connecting large numbers of individual cells together, however, as in solar-panel arrays, hundreds or even thousands of kilowatts of electric power can be generated.

      在一个平衡的电网连接配置中，太阳能电池阵列在白天发电，然后晚上在家庭里即可使用。

In a well-balanced grid-connected configuration, a solar array generates power during the day that is then used in the home at night.

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